Do the ends really justify the means?
This issue has come up in many a conversation with my parents, my grandfather and just everyday life. It’s a rather morbid topic, but since 9/11 and the scandals at the prison camps, the topic of torture used as a means to combat terrorism is (and has to be) on everyone’s minds.
Of course, one of the biggest facets of the argument is what is defined as torture under the Geneva Convention, and what is defined as “cruel and unusual punishment” as stated in the US Constitution/Bill of Rights. What cannot be denied is that methods of torture have been used throughout history and are closely tied with some of its most memorable events. Look, for example, at the Spanish Inquisition, or even the Salem Witch Trials. Two very infamous events in which torture was used to extract confessions. It has been shown by historians that it is more than likely that the accused told the interrogators what they wanted to hear in order to stop the torture. So there were confessions and accusations against others, but how much of it was entirely reliable? We’ll never really know.
Now, hundreds of years after the Spanish Inquisition and the Salem Witch Trials, I think it is accurate to say that the concept of human dignity has reached levels previously unheard of. In this state, it is acknowledged that life and dignity are sacred, and that the way people are treated should adhere to ideals set forth during the European Enlightenment.
The Geneva Convention set forth laws regarding the treatment of prisoners of war, civilians, and the wounded during a war. Basically, it says that torture cannot be committed, if a soldier is captured/wounded, he cannot just be slaughtered by the opposing force. If you want to look at it another way, the Geneva Convention gives a set of guidelines to help countries keep their humanity during a time when all humanity goes out the window. When the laws set under the Geneva Convention are not adhered to, it is considered a war crime. I think one of the most famous examples of that could be the crimes of the Nazis and the Japanese during WWII. More recently, you can look at what happened in Rwanda or in the Balkans during the 1990’s. In all these examples, the violation of basic human dignity through torture and slaughter can be seen on all sides. But this is why the Geneva Convention exists - to provide the people of the world with a basis on which to accuse war criminals. And it has to exist, because if you cannot respect basic human dignity and basic human life, what can you respect?
War is awful and I don’t think there are many justifications for it, but the violation of basic human dignity should be one of the few.
But let’s get to the now. What exactly is happening now, to our country, our way of life because of torture? As always, I feel the need to say that I love the United States. I love what the US stands for, I love the Constitution and I fully support the soldiers fighting and risking their lives for me and my family and friends, even though I don’t necessarily support the war itself. I get so angry when I hear people telling me to never look down on this country and to always support it no matter what and that everything we do is okay because we are America and since we are powerful we can do whatever we want. Well, you know what? Remember the line in Spiderman – “With great power comes great responsibility”. And it is my responsibility to criticize this country when it is necessary to. As a democracy, as part of a country that espouses freedom, it is my right and my duty to speak out when I don’t agree with something or when I feel this nation has veered off the right course. And that is what I am doing right now.
Torture is wrong. Cruel and unusual punishment is wrong. The death penalty is wrong. Since 9/11 the government has signed into law bills and laws that blatantly violate our basic freedoms. Soon when we walk onto an airplane, we are going to have to do so naked to make sure there isn’t any threat. The American population has allowed Fear to encompass their lives and take away their basic freedoms. The Constitution of the United States is being destroyed day by day by Republicans and Democrats who are feeding off people’s Fear. Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s First Inaugural Address reminded Americans that the “only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” We have forgotten that and have allowed the government and the media change our lives because of fear.
Yes, there is a real threat out there. Of course! There has always been a threat out there, from one place or another. This is nothing new! But how can you allow yourself to truly live if you are always afraid?
(Um, I think I’ve gone off topic. Well, not really. I think I can tie this all together.)
So we live in a country that is acting more out of fear than out of the idea that humans should be afforded a basic dignity. A citizen of the US or not, a prisoner of war or not, humans deserve basic rights that people are all to quick to ignore if it serves their own ends. One of the arguments is that, since those detained at Guantanamo Bay are not US citizens or technically part of any army, the rules of the Geneva Convention and the US Constitution don’t apply. That’s wrong, and if you cannot see why that is wrong, then I don’t know how you’ve gotten this far in this article.
The accusations of torture against the US are certainly controversial, and for several reasons. in the accusation of crimes against humanity perpetrated by WWII criminals, Slobodan Milosovec, etc, etc, the US has always been at the forefront, condemning these actions. And now, the US is embroiled in torture controversies – from Abu Ghraib to Gitmo. I won’t touch on the atrocities committed at Abu Ghraib except to say that if your sacred texts were abused in the manner that was done to the Qur’an, would you be okay with it if people said that it was justifiable because it could save thousands of people? And now, at Gitmo, waterboarding has been justified because it’s not considered “real torture”. Since it doesn’t physically harm someone, it’s okay.
Excuse me? Waterboarding simulates drowning. Since only those who have almost drowned can truly understand the horror caused, I don’t understand how horrific waterboarding must be. Or the other tactics purportedly used at the Guantanamo Bay detention camps. Now, how would you feel if you were waterboarded because you were of a certain ethnicity? Or told that you had no rights even though you were on US soil and under US jurisdiction (the Supreme Court ruled that the detainees did have rights under the Fifth Amendment in this 2004 decision.
This also brings up the fact that this is contributing to the degradation of our society. It is totally hypocritical to expect other countries to follow guidelines that you yourself do not follow. How can we set an example when we don’t follow it ourselves? Do as I say not as I do? The US accuses other countries of tortuous acts but expects everyone to turn their heads and ignore what is done here because it’s not as bad as what everyone else is doing. I mean, seriously. Any child can see the holes in that argument, it amazes me that grown men and women use it on a daily basis.
This is a very complicated argument, and not one easily solved. There are several sides to every story, even if people don’t want to admit to that. The information gained from torture at Gitmo an other places has supposedly saved many soldiers’ lives and helped the US in the War on Terror. I understand that argument, but it still doesn’t sit well with me. It’s not an argument that holds true to my moral and ethical code. But the question remains, can an act of torture be justified if it saves lives? Is it justifiable to severely damage (spiritually, mentally or physically) one Iraqi, Afghani, etc, in the hopes that it will save American lives? Can that ever be justified?
My final point is: consider it happening to you. It’s a slippery slope from tortuous acts done to citizens of other countries on American soil to tortuous acts done to Americans on American soil. And it’s naive to think that it isn’t already happening.